GraphQL Best Practices

GraphQL optimization and patterns

Pagination

type Query {
    users(first: Int, after: String): UserConnection!
}
type UserConnection {
    edges: [UserEdge!]!
    pageInfo: PageInfo!
} # cursor-based pagination

Error Handling

type UserResponse {
    success: Boolean!
    message: String
    user: User
    errors: [Error!]
} # structured error response

Input Types

input CreateUserInput {
    name: String!
    email: String!
    age: Int
}
type Mutation {
    createUser(input: CreateUserInput!): User!
} # group related arguments

DataLoader

const userLoader = new DataLoader(async (ids) => {
    const users = await getUsersByIds(ids);
    return ids.map(id => users.find(u => u.id === id));
}); # batch and cache requests

Depth Limiting

const depthLimit = require('graphql-depth-limit');
validationRules: [depthLimit(5)] # limit query depth

Query Complexity

# Assign complexity scores to fields
# Reject queries exceeding threshold
# Prevents expensive queries